Bhishma Ashtami, observed on Magha Shukla Ashtami (January-February), commemorates the day when Bhishma Pitamah-the valiant elder of the Mahabharata-chose to end his life during Uttarayana, the auspicious northward transit of the sun. As the son of King Shantanu and Ganga, and renowned for his unwavering vow of celibacy and loyalty, Bhishma became the patriarch of the Kuru dynasty. Lying on a bed of arrows for 58 days, he imparted timeless wisdom on dharma and governance before ascending.

Devotees across India observe Bhishma Ashtami with rituals that honor both ancestor and deity. The day begins with a holy bath at riverbanks or sacred sites, symbolizing purification and spiritual awakening. Offerings of sesame seeds and water (tarpana) are made to pacify Bhishma's soul and pay respects to one's ancestors. Ekodishta Shraddha-a ceremony for those whose fathers are deceased-is performed to seek blessings and peace for departed souls. A day-long fast (upavasa) is observed, and prayers are recited, including the Vishnu Sahasranama, which Bhishma imparted to Yudhishthira on his death bed. Many devotees visit Vishnu or Bhishma shrines, lighting lamps and chanting mantras to seek dharma, longevity, and familial harmony.